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Online school or cyberschool describes an institution that teaches
courses entirely or primarily through online methods. Though there are tens of thousands of commercial and
non-accredited courses available online, the term "online school" is generally reserved for accredited schools that
teach a full time (or nearly full time) course designed to lead to a degree. Virtual public and private schools
serving every grade level including graduate programs may elect to pursue accreditation through various regional
and national organizations. Accredited schools must meet rigorous standards as defined by the issuing organization
and are designed to insure that students are receiving the superiority instruction and education. Examples of
organizations that issue school accreditation include : Middle States
Association of Schools and Colleges, Northwest Association of Accredited
Schools.
All or a majority of the student services are conducted via Internet technology.
The online school differ contrasts from the traditional school through the physical media that links
administrators, teachers, and students. Virtual schools are an alliance of public distance learning schools. Many
states in the United States have their own virtual school often with a student population numbering in the
thousands.
There are many different online school
instructional and enrollment models. Instructional models range from fully independent self paced (asynchronous)
courses to semester based virtual (synchronous) teacher facilitated courses. Class sizes range widely with anywhere
from 25 students to as many as 200 students in each class section. Students keep in contact with teachers and
collaborate with other students through web communication tools provided in the course delivery platforms like
Blackboard or Desire2Learn or
Moodle. In some cases students communicate by phone with instructors. To help
with communication many online schools have implemented their own systems program to help build courses
and maintain student profiles. There are also many books and training manuals to aid in the development of such
schools and courses.
History.
Many of today's online schools are descendants of correspondence schools.
Sometimes referred to as "distance learning," correspondence schools offered students an alternative to the
traditional brick and mortar meetings within a schoolhouse. These schools utilized the mail service for
student-teacher interaction, or used two way radio transmissions, sometimes with pre-recorded television
broadcasts. Students were expected to study their learning material independently and, in some cases, meet with a
proctor to be tested. Modern online schools provide similar alternatives to students with a more ubiquitous
and, often, interactive approach.
Online Schools now exist all around the world. Some of these online
schools have been integrated into public schools (particularly in the United States), where students sit in
computer labs and do their work online. In other situations, students can be completely homeschooled, or they can
take any combination of public private homeschooling and online classes.
Pricing and
location.
Online schools may be free if the state pays for the courses, otherwise, there
will be a course fee to be paid for by the student or parent (s). If a online school is chartered through a public
supporting school district, there would be no cost associated for a student to attend the school or receive the
materials supplies needed to complete the schooling.
If the school requires a financial fee from the student or parent, materials do add
up. Most courses will provide electronic materials free of cost, but others require some shopping on the students
part. Textbooks are not required but can be used as an aid for coursework.
Materials.
As mentioned earlier, many materials are provided free of cost. Some schools provide
programs, usually for web design classes. Some popular materials include Adobe Systems products, Jasc products, and
products from Macromedia. Other schools may use Corel products as a cheaper alternative. These products are usually
free. Student usually receives the full version of the selected program, with a limited license, usually 1 year
roughly. These programs are key in the success of online schools, and help them to improve each year. Many schools
will also provide a brand new computer for all students in need of one. Generally, these computers run using the
Microsoft operating system, Windows XP, but contingent lesson needs and coursework the school may also use Linux
based computers or Apple Macintoshes. Some online School provide a free loaner computer for use throughout
the school year.
Online Schools may also provide students with a wide variety of materials
that include, but are not limited to just a laptop. Some online Schools in the United States may also provide
students with the following materials gratis : Textbooks, Study Guides, Course Guides, Art Supplies (markers,
crayons, construction paper, etc.), Science Kits, a Calculator, an All-in-One Printer, a Laptop Case, a Laptop
Charger, a Head Set that is equipped with a microphone, a Bamboo Tablet (by Wacom) and a wireless
router.
Advantages and
Disadvantages.
Advocates of online learning believe that online schools hold advantages including :
not being required to attend and travel to face to face classes and the integration digital media into the
curricula. online schools also give a student the opportunity to stay in school when traditional brick and
mortar schools will no longer accept them. Some reasons for this could be extensive absences due to medical
reasons, teen pregnancy, or for other reasons that the school system may deem distracting to the school body.
online schools are a great equalizer. No matter what their social, economic, religious, ethnic or physical
or mental differences, online education gives all students the same opportunity to reach their full potential. Some
online schools include online study groups in which students interact with each other online. Students are
able to meet in these groups using Elluminate, Wimba or other means.
Unlike traditional education delivery methods, students at online schools
sometimes do not directly interact with professors, while at other times it is as frequent as in traditional brick
and mortar schools and merely takes on a different form. Hence, online education is considered by many to be
equivalent to a directed-learning program. Because students do not interact with their instructors or peers face to
face, "lack of socialization" is often quoted, as a disadvantage by
detractors. Recent anecdotal evidence provided by one online school from one live cyberschool indicates that, while socialization may be different, it is not
necessarily lacking. It is also recommended that students enrolled in online schools be involved in social
activities outside school, much like homeschooled children. Another perceived disadvantage to distance learning is
the added challenge of staying focused while in the home environment, and many students report that staying on task
is the most difficult aspect of learning online.
Many students are drawn to online learning for a variety of reasons ; particularly,
the ability to avoid the requirement of traveling to a physical location, which may be impossible for some non
traditional learners. Critics argue that for online education to be taken seriously, online programs must adhere to
generally accepted educational standards. One way that online schools are proving their effectiveness is the
implementation of the same standardized testing that brick and mortar schools require of their students. To reduce
this criticism, The International Association for K-12 Online Learning (iNACOL) has developed a set of standards
released on February 21, 2008. Some believe that this is an important initiative in monitoring online programs, but
while every provider of education must be accredited, the quality of accreditation varies significantly. For
instance, the non profit AACSB is the most prestigious accreditation
agency for business schools and no online schools have received accreditation by the agency.
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